Ward: Education

109

How spatial scale shapes plant invasions

Scientists reveal that the scale of analysis determines whether invasive plants succeed by resembling or differing from native species, resolving decades of conflicting ecological evidence.

233

Some mammals can hit pause on a pregnancy—understanding how that happens could help us treat cancer

Seals give birth only when conditions are right. After mating, a female seal can delay implantation of the embryo in the uterine wall—pausing pregnancy until she senses that her fat reserves are aligned with the season. This strategy, known as embryonic diapause, is practiced by hundreds of mammals,…

121

SDUM: A Scalable Deep Unrolled Model for Universal MRI Reconstruction

arXiv:2512.17137v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Clinical MRI encompasses diverse imaging protocols--spanning anatomical targets (cardiac, brain, knee), contrasts (T1, T2, mapping), sampling patterns (Cartesian, radial, spiral, kt-space), and acceleration factors--yet current deep learning reconstru…

109

SpecCLIP: Aligning and Translating Spectroscopic Measurements for Stars

arXiv:2507.01939v4 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language understanding through vast datasets and large-scale parameterization. Inspired by this success, we present SpecCLIP, a foundation model framework that extends LL…

109

CBMC-V3: A CNS-inspired Control Framework Towards Manipulation Agility with SNN

arXiv:2511.04109v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: As robotic arm applications extend beyond industrial settings into service-oriented sectors such as catering, household and retail, existing control algorithms struggle to achieve the agile manipulation required for complex environments with dynam…

222

Foundations for an Abstract Proof Theory in the Context of Horn Rules

arXiv:2304.05697v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: We introduce a novel, logic-independent framework for the study of sequent-style proof systems, which covers a number of proof-theoretic formalisms and concrete proof systems that appear in the literature. In particular, we introduce a generalized…

240

Secret lives of cats could hold clues for wildcat return in Wales

A new study exploring the secretive lives of feral and free-roaming cats in Wales could shed light on wildcats' return to the country.

333

Imputation Uncertainty in Interpretable Machine Learning Methods

arXiv:2512.17689v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: In real data, missing values occur frequently, which affects the interpretation with interpretable machine learning (IML) methods. Recent work considers bias and shows that model explanations may differ between imputation methods, while ignoring add…

213

Ultrasound Treatment Takes on Cancer’s Toughest Tumors

For many years, doctors and technicians who performed medical ultrasound procedures viewed bubbles with wary concern. The phenomenon of cavitation—the formation and collapse of tiny gas bubbles due to changes in pressure—was considered an undesirable and largely uncontrollable side effect. But in 20…

109

Scalable Distributed Vector Search via Accuracy Preserving Index Construction

arXiv:2512.17264v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Scaling Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) to billions of vectors requires distributed indexes that balance accuracy, latency, and throughput. Yet existing index designs struggle with this tradeoff. This paper presents SPIRE, a scalable vector…

217

On General Linearly Implicit Quantized State System Methods

arXiv:2512.17855v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: This work proposes a methodology to develop new numerical integration algorithms for ordinary differential equations based on state quantization, generalizing the notions of Linearly Implicit Quantized State Systems (LIQSS) methods. Using this idea, t…

220

Decompiling the Synergy: Human–LLM Teaming in Reverse Engineering [pdf]

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308

Understanding Generalization in Role-Playing Models via Information Theory

arXiv:2512.17270v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Role-playing models (RPMs) are widely used in real-world applications but underperform when deployed in the wild. This degradation can be attributed to distribution shifts, including user, character, and dialogue compositional shifts. Existing methods…

320

Structure-Aware Antibody Design with Affinity-Optimized Inverse Folding

arXiv:2512.17815v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Motivation: The clinical efficacy of antibody therapeutics critically depends on high-affinity target engagement, yet laboratory affinity-maturation campaigns are slow and costly. In computational settings, most protein language models (PLMs) are not …

208

Russia plans to revive abandoned Soviet-era particle accelerator

Accelerator could be used to generate an intense beam of neutrinos
The post Russia plans to revive abandoned Soviet-era particle accelerator appeared first on Physics World.

120

A Benchmark and Agentic Framework for Omni-Modal Reasoning and Tool Use in Long Videos

arXiv:2512.16978v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Long-form multimodal video understanding requires integrating vision, speech, and ambient audio with coherent long-range reasoning. Existing benchmarks emphasize either temporal length or multimodal richness, but rarely both and while some incorporate…

119

meval: A Statistical Toolbox for Fine-Grained Model Performance Analysis

arXiv:2512.17409v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Analyzing machine learning model performance stratified by patient and recording properties is becoming the accepted norm and often yields crucial insights about important model failure modes. Performing such analyses in a statistically rigorous manne…

234

Feedback Arc Sets and Feedback Arc Set Decompositions in Weighted and Unweighted Oriented Graphs

arXiv:2501.06935v3 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Let $D=(V(D),A(D))$ be a digraph with at least one directed cycle. A set $F$ of arcs is a feedback arc set (FAS) if $D-F$ has no directed cycle. The FAS decomposition number ${\rm fasd}(D)$ of $D$ is the maximum number of pairwise disjoint F…

317

Universal consistency of the $k$-NN rule in metric spaces and Nagata dimension. III

arXiv:2512.17058v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We prove the last remaining implication allowing to claim the equivalence of the following conditions for a complete separable metric space $X$:
(1) The $k$-nearest neighbour classifier is (weakly) universally consistent in $X$, (2) The strong Lebes…

220

Probing Scientific General Intelligence of LLMs with Scientist-Aligned Workflows

arXiv:2512.16969v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Despite advances in scientific AI, a coherent framework for Scientific General Intelligence (SGI)-the ability to autonomously conceive, investigate, and reason across scientific domains-remains lacking. We present an operational SGI definition grounde…