Ward: Education

223

Packed Malware Detection Using Grayscale Binary-to-Image Representations

arXiv:2512.15414v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Detecting packed executables is a critical step in malware analysis, as packing obscures the original code and complicates static inspection. This study evaluates both classical feature-based methods and deep learning approaches that transform binary …

130

Workflows vs Agents for Code Translation

arXiv:2512.14762v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Translating algorithms from high-level languages like MATLAB to hardware description languages (HDLs) is a resource-intensive but necessary step for deployment on FPGAs and ASICs. While large language models (LLMs) offer a path to automation, their li…

211

Space Station Research Supports New FDA-Approved Cancer Therapy

NASA opens the International Space Station for scientists and researchers, inviting them to use the benefits of microgravity for private industry research, technology demonstrations, and more. Today, half of the crew’s time aboard station is devoted to these aims, including medical research that add…

111

EDMD-Based Robust Observer Synthesis for Nonlinear Systems

arXiv:2509.09812v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: This paper presents a data-driven Koopman operator-based approach for designing robust state observers for nonlinear systems. Based on a finite-dimensional surrogate of the Koopman generator, identified via an extended dynamic mode decomposition (…

231

BLINDSPOT: Enabling Bystander-Controlled Privacy Signaling for Camera-Enabled Devices

arXiv:2512.14746v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Camera-equipped mobile devices, such as phones, smart glasses, and AR headsets, pose a privacy challenge for bystanders, who currently lack effective real-time mechanisms to control the capture of their picture, video, including their face. We present…

111

Abstract 3D Perception for Spatial Intelligence in Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2511.10946v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) struggle with 3D-related tasks such as spatial cognition and physical understanding, which are crucial for real-world applications like robotics and embodied agents. We attribute this to a modality gap between the 3D …

111

Local sensitivity analysis for Bayesian inverse problems

arXiv:2503.20526v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: We present an extension of local sensitivity analysis, also referred to as the perturbation approach for uncertainty quantification, to Bayesian inverse problems. More precisely, we show how moments of random variables with respect to the posterio…

329

From flocking to jamming in collective cell dynamics: a Vicsek-like model including contact forces

arXiv:2512.15305v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The goal of the present work is to propose an agent-based model that originally combines classical Vicsek-like polarity alignments and contact forces, as implemented in the framework developed by Maury and Venel in [Maury, Venel, 2011]. The descriptio…

219

Could Advanced Civilizations Communicate like Fireflies

In a new paper, a team of researchers explores how non-human species (in this case, fireflies) could inform new approaches in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI).

243

VLIC: Vision-Language Models As Perceptual Judges for Human-Aligned Image Compression

arXiv:2512.15701v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Evaluations of image compression performance which include human preferences have generally found that naive distortion functions such as MSE are insufficiently aligned to human perception. In order to align compression models to human perception, pri…

121

Solving a Research Problem in Mathematical Statistics with AI Assistance

arXiv:2511.18828v3 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Over the last few months, AI models including large language models have improved greatly. There are now several documented examples where they have helped professional mathematical scientists prove new results, sometimes even helping resolv…

211

Prospects for quantum advantage in machine learning from the representability of functions

arXiv:2512.15661v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Demonstrating quantum advantage in machine learning tasks requires navigating a complex landscape of proposed models and algorithms. To bring clarity to this search, we introduce a framework that connects the structure of parametrized quantum circui…

109

Gaussian Pixel Codec Avatars: A Hybrid Representation for Efficient Rendering

arXiv:2512.15711v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We present Gaussian Pixel Codec Avatars (GPiCA), photorealistic head avatars that can be generated from multi-view images and efficiently rendered on mobile devices. GPiCA utilizes a unique hybrid representation that combines a triangle mesh and aniso…

222

USGS Develops Finer-Scale Approach to Find Areas of High Nitrogen Input to Groundwater

A recent study by the U.S. Geological Survey demonstrates that measuring nitrogen in stream reaches can identify areas where decreasing nitrogen inputs may improve the water quality of downstream receiving waters.

531

Interpretable neural networks help reveal the nature of dark matter

A research team from the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory (XAO) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed an interpretable artificial intelligence (AI) framework named Convolutional Kolmogorov–Arnold Network (CKAN), which sheds new light on the properties of dark matter at galaxy-cluster sca…

332

Curved representational Bregman divergences and their applications

arXiv:2504.05654v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: By analogy to the terminology of curved exponential families in statistics, we define curved Bregman divergences as Bregman divergences restricted to nonlinear parameter subspaces and sub-dimensional Bregman divergences when the restrictions are l…

319

Cross-Model Verification of Wall-Bounded Flows using Finite-JAX

arXiv:2509.25569v3 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Accurate prediction of wall-bounded flows remains central to advancing both theoretical understanding and computational methods in fluid mechanics. In this study, we perform a numerical simulation of channel flow using a complementary approa…

101

INFORM-CT: INtegrating LLMs and VLMs FOR Incidental Findings Management in Abdominal CT

arXiv:2512.14732v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Incidental findings in CT scans, though often benign, can have significant clinical implications and should be reported following established guidelines. Traditional manual inspection by radiologists is time-consuming and variable. This paper proposes…

109

Dense Associative Memories with Analog Circuits

arXiv:2512.15002v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The increasing computational demands of modern AI systems have exposed fundamental limitations of digital hardware, driving interest in alternative paradigms for efficient large-scale inference. Dense Associative Memory (DenseAM) is a family of models…

435

Roman soldiers defending Hadrian's Wall were infected by parasites, study finds

A new analysis of sewer drains from the Roman fort of Vindolanda, close to Hadrian's Wall, has shown that the occupants were infected by three types of intestinal parasite—roundworm, whipworm, and Giardia duodenalis.