Ward: Education

122

Roman soldiers defending Hadrian’s Wall had intestinal parasites

Excavations of sewer drains at a Roman fort in northern England have revealed the presence of several parasites that can cause debilitating illness in humans

202

Multimodal RewardBench 2: Evaluating Omni Reward Models for Interleaved Text and Image

arXiv:2512.16899v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Reward models (RMs) are essential for training large language models (LLMs), but remain underexplored for omni models that handle interleaved image and text sequences. We introduce Multimodal RewardBench 2 (MMRB2), the first comprehensive benchmark fo…

228

Machine Learning Framework for Thrombosis Risk Prediction in Rotary Blood Pumps

arXiv:2512.15761v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Thrombosis in rotary blood pumps arises from complex flow conditions that remain difficult to translate into reliable and interpretable risk predictions using existing computational models. This limitation reflects an incomplete understanding of how s…

110

Capacity Approximations for Insertion Channels with Small Insertion Probabilities

arXiv:2411.14771v4 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Channels with synchronization errors, exhibiting deletion and insertion errors, find practical applications in DNA storage, data reconstruction, and various other domains. Presence of insertions and deletions render the channel with memory, compli…

111

AI-Driven Prediction of Cancer Pain Episodes: A Hybrid Decision Support Approach

arXiv:2512.16739v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Lung cancer patients frequently experience breakthrough pain episodes, with up to 91% requiring timely intervention. To enable proactive pain management, we propose a hybrid machine learning and large language model pipeline that predicts pain episode…

9

Unsupervised Thematic Clustering Of hadith Texts Using The Apriori Algorithm

arXiv:2512.16694v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: This research stems from the urgency to automate the thematic grouping of hadith in line with the growing digitalization of Islamic texts. Based on a literature review, the unsupervised learning approach with the Apriori algorithm has proven effective…

220

BoostDream: Efficient Refining for High-Quality Text-to-3D Generation from Multi-View Diffusion

arXiv:2401.16764v4 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Witnessing the evolution of text-to-image diffusion models, significant strides have been made in text-to-3D generation. Currently, two primary paradigms dominate the field of text-to-3D: the feed-forward generation solutions, capable of swiftly p…

109

Early testing of schoolchildren has absolutely zero effect, researchers say

Early testing of schoolchildren has no impact on their educational attainment down the line. Nor do the tests have any effect on pupils' mental health or how happy they are at school.

138

Robust a posteriori error analysis of the stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation with rough noise

arXiv:2512.15495v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We derive a posteriori error estimate for a fully discrete adaptive finite element approximation of the stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation with rough noise. The considered model is derived from the stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation with additive space-…

223

Packed Malware Detection Using Grayscale Binary-to-Image Representations

arXiv:2512.15414v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Detecting packed executables is a critical step in malware analysis, as packing obscures the original code and complicates static inspection. This study evaluates both classical feature-based methods and deep learning approaches that transform binary …

130

Workflows vs Agents for Code Translation

arXiv:2512.14762v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Translating algorithms from high-level languages like MATLAB to hardware description languages (HDLs) is a resource-intensive but necessary step for deployment on FPGAs and ASICs. While large language models (LLMs) offer a path to automation, their li…

211

Space Station Research Supports New FDA-Approved Cancer Therapy

NASA opens the International Space Station for scientists and researchers, inviting them to use the benefits of microgravity for private industry research, technology demonstrations, and more. Today, half of the crew’s time aboard station is devoted to these aims, including medical research that add…

111

EDMD-Based Robust Observer Synthesis for Nonlinear Systems

arXiv:2509.09812v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: This paper presents a data-driven Koopman operator-based approach for designing robust state observers for nonlinear systems. Based on a finite-dimensional surrogate of the Koopman generator, identified via an extended dynamic mode decomposition (…

231

BLINDSPOT: Enabling Bystander-Controlled Privacy Signaling for Camera-Enabled Devices

arXiv:2512.14746v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Camera-equipped mobile devices, such as phones, smart glasses, and AR headsets, pose a privacy challenge for bystanders, who currently lack effective real-time mechanisms to control the capture of their picture, video, including their face. We present…

111

Abstract 3D Perception for Spatial Intelligence in Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2511.10946v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) struggle with 3D-related tasks such as spatial cognition and physical understanding, which are crucial for real-world applications like robotics and embodied agents. We attribute this to a modality gap between the 3D …

111

Local sensitivity analysis for Bayesian inverse problems

arXiv:2503.20526v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: We present an extension of local sensitivity analysis, also referred to as the perturbation approach for uncertainty quantification, to Bayesian inverse problems. More precisely, we show how moments of random variables with respect to the posterio…

329

From flocking to jamming in collective cell dynamics: a Vicsek-like model including contact forces

arXiv:2512.15305v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The goal of the present work is to propose an agent-based model that originally combines classical Vicsek-like polarity alignments and contact forces, as implemented in the framework developed by Maury and Venel in [Maury, Venel, 2011]. The descriptio…

219

Could Advanced Civilizations Communicate like Fireflies

In a new paper, a team of researchers explores how non-human species (in this case, fireflies) could inform new approaches in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI).

243

VLIC: Vision-Language Models As Perceptual Judges for Human-Aligned Image Compression

arXiv:2512.15701v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Evaluations of image compression performance which include human preferences have generally found that naive distortion functions such as MSE are insufficiently aligned to human perception. In order to align compression models to human perception, pri…

121

Solving a Research Problem in Mathematical Statistics with AI Assistance

arXiv:2511.18828v3 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Over the last few months, AI models including large language models have improved greatly. There are now several documented examples where they have helped professional mathematical scientists prove new results, sometimes even helping resolv…