Ward: Education

430

Analytical Stackelberg Resource Allocation in Sequential Attacker--Defender Games

arXiv:2512.17284v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We develop an analytical Stackelberg game framework for optimal resource allocation in a sequential attacker--defender setting with a finite set of assets and probabilistic attacks. The defender commits to a mixed protection strategy, after which the …

422

The Impact of Host-Galaxy Properties on Supernova Classification with Hierarchical Labels

V. Ashley Villar et al 2025 ApJS 276 3 Researchers show that the properties of a supernova’s host galaxy can be a valuable tool for classifying the explosion, especially when combined with a redshift value.
The post The Impact of Host-Galaxy Properties on Supernova Classification with Hierarchical L…

342

A Practical Solution to Systematically Monitor Inconsistencies in SBOM-based Vulnerability Scanners

arXiv:2512.17710v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) provides new opportunities for automated vulnerability identification in software products. While the industry is adopting SBOM-based Vulnerability Scanning (SVS) to identify vulnerabilities, we increasingly observe i…

329

Task Schema and Binding: A Double Dissociation Study of In-Context Learning

arXiv:2512.17325v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We provide causal mechanistic validation that in-context learning (ICL) decomposes into two separable mechanisms: Task Schema (abstract task type recognition) and Binding (specific input-output associations). Through activation patching experiments ac…

240

BumpNet: A Sparse Neural Network Framework for Learning PDE Solutions

arXiv:2512.17198v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We introduce BumpNet, a sparse neural network framework for PDE numerical solution and operator learning. BumpNet is based on meshless basis function expansion, in a similar fashion to radial-basis function (RBF) networks. Unlike RBF networks, the bas…

233

Cooperative Energy Scheduling of Multi-Microgrids Based on Risk-Sensitive Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2512.17246v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: With the rapid development of distributed renewable energy, multi-microgrids play an increasingly important role in improving the flexibility and reliability of energy supply. Reinforcement learning has shown great potential in coordination strategies…

332

Controlling exciton flow in moiré superlattices: New method leverages correlated electrons

Excitons are pairs of bound negatively charged electrons and positively charged holes that form in semiconductors, enabling the transport of energy in electronic devices. These pairs of charge carriers also emerge in transition metal dichalcogenides, thin semiconducting materials comprised of a tran…

221

A traditional Brazilian plant shows unexpected strength against arthritis

A Brazilian study has confirmed that Joseph’s Coat, a plant used for generations in folk medicine, can significantly reduce inflammation and arthritis symptoms in lab tests. Researchers observed less swelling, healthier joints, and signs of tissue protection. Just as important, the extract showed a …

223

Are Vision Language Models Cross-Cultural Theory of Mind Reasoners?

arXiv:2512.17394v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Theory of Mind (ToM) -- the ability to attribute beliefs, desires, and emotions to others -- is fundamental for human social intelligence, yet remains a major challenge for artificial agents. Existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are increasingly app…

219

SHARP-QoS: Sparsely-gated Hierarchical Adaptive Routing for joint Prediction of QoS

arXiv:2512.17262v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Dependable service-oriented computing relies on multiple Quality of Service (QoS) parameters that are essential to assess service optimality. However, real-world QoS data are extremely sparse, noisy, and shaped by hierarchical dependencies arising fro…

336

How a simple animal folds itself with origami-like precision

Studying one of the simplest animals, Stanford's Prakash Lab uncovered how it folds itself into complex shapes—revealing new insights into a fundamental cellular feature and the origins of tissue folding.

221

Exploring the Effect of Basis Rotation on NQS Performance

arXiv:2512.17893v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Neural Quantum States (NQS) use neural networks to represent wavefunctions of quantum many-body systems, but their performance depends on the choice of basis, yet the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. We use a fully solvable one-dimens…

228

Muddy eruption at Yellowstone's Black Diamond Pool captured on video

"Kablooey!" That's the word U.S. Geological Survey volcanic experts used to describe a muddy eruption at Black Diamond Pool in Yellowstone National Park on Saturday morning.

318

A new tool is revealing the invisible networks inside cancer

Spanish researchers have created a powerful new open-source tool that helps uncover the hidden genetic networks driving cancer. Called RNACOREX, the software can analyze thousands of molecular interactions at once, revealing how genes communicate inside tumors and how those signals relate to patient…

265

Modifying chirality with electricity: Voltage-driven method enables reversible, tunable states

A way to electrically modify the chirality of organic–inorganic hybrid materials, in which chiral molecules adsorb onto inorganic surfaces, has been demonstrated by researchers at Science Tokyo. By using an electric double-layer transistor with a chiral electrolyte, specific chirality was imposed on…

222

Scientists Uncover a Never-Before-Seen Natural Sunscreen Molecule

Scientists have identified a previously unknown natural compound produced by heat-loving cyanobacteria that helps protect against ultraviolet radiation. Natural sunscreen ingredients can protect the skin from damaging radiation while reducing the risk of allergic reactions. In a recent study, scient…

232

Scientists who use AI tools are publishing more papers than ever before

Science is entering a massive publishing boom, in large part due to artificial intelligence. New research published in the journal Science has revealed that scientists who use large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT are producing significantly more papers across many fields. The technology is also…

219

Life's first molecule: Borate boosts its formation, finds study

The transition from simple chemistry to the complex biology of molecules that gave rise to life is a puzzle that scientists have been trying to solve for ages.

118

Methods and Tools for Secure Quantum Clouds with a specific Case Study on Homomorphic Encryption

arXiv:2512.17748v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The rise of quantum computing/technology potentially introduces significant security challenges to cloud computing, necessitating quantum-resistant encryption strategies as well as protection schemes and methods for cloud infrastructures offering quan…

120

Optimizing Text Search: A Novel Pattern Matching Algorithm Based on Ukkonen's Approach

arXiv:2512.16927v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: In the realm of computer science, the efficiency of text-search algorithms is crucial for processing vast amounts of data in areas such as natural language processing and bioinformatics. Traditional methods like Naive Search, KMP, and Boyer-Moore, whi…