Frequent AI chatbot use linked to belief in anti-vaccine myths, poll finds

A man gets his Covid and flu vaccine shot at Boston city hall on 7 January 2026. Photograph: Boston Globe/Getty Images View image in fullscreen A man gets his Covid and flu vaccine shot at Boston city hall on 7 January 2026. Photograph: Boston Globe/Getty Images Frequent AI chatbot use linked to belief in anti-vaccine myths, poll finds Poll finds use of AI tools for health advice is correlated with belief in vaccine falsehoods, such as shots causing autism Adults in the US who frequently seek out health advice from artificial intelligence chatbots are more likely to believe myths about vaccines, according to a poll released on Tuesday by health research firm KFF. The survey, which was conducted in May and polled a representative sample of 2,480 US adults, found that use of AI tools and chatbots correlated with belief in falsehoods such as vaccines causing autism or that the measles vaccine poses more danger than the corresponding virus. The connection remained while controlling for factors such as age, race, education and political partisanship. Concern over how AI may spread misinformation and influence public opinion has long been an issue among researchers and health officials. A large percentage of Americans have begun turning to AI chatbots for medical advice, repeated polls show, with another KFF survey from March finding that about a third of US adults seek out health advice from AI. AI firms have also acknowledged the prevalence of queries about medical matters: “Health is already one of the most common ways people use ChatGPT, with hundreds of millions of people asking health and wellness questions each week,” OpenAI said in a January blog post announcing the creation of a specialized ChatGPT Health tool. Among US adults who use AI tools to find health information at least once a week, KFF’s poll found that 35% of them believe that it is “definitely or probably true” that measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccines have been proven to cause autism in children. Only 20% of US adults who do not use AI for health hold a similar belief, while 29% of US adults who occasionally consult AI for health believe that myth, according to the poll. The falsehood that MMR vaccines cause autism is a key pillar of the anti-vaccine movement, which has gained additional influence after the Covid-19 pandemic and appointment of Robert F Kennedy Jr as the US health secretary. Kennedy and others associated with the anti-vaccine movement have long used debunked or retracted medical studies to advance their views. The myth that MMR vaccines bring on autism gained prominence after the Lancet journal published a study in the 1990s which was later fully retracted after its findings were found to be false. It has since been refuted by multiple other studies. The KFF poll additionally found that 29% of US adults who frequently use AI tools for health believe that mRNA vaccines can change your DNA, which is not true, whereas only 20% of people who never use AI hold that